Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

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In terms of intrarenal autoregulation, within what range is mean arterial pressure maintained to prevent large changes in GFR?

0 - 40 mm Hg
40 - 80 mm Hg
80 to 180 mm Hg
180 - 280 mm Hg

The correct answer is: 80 to 180 mm Hg

Mean arterial pressure is a critical factor in maintaining glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through intrarenal autoregulation. Within the range of 80 to 180 mm Hg, the kidneys can effectively regulate blood flow and maintain GFR despite fluctuations in systemic blood pressure. This autoregulatory mechanism involves adjustments in afferent and efferent arteriolar resistance, which helps ensure that the filtration process remains stable and efficient even with varying levels of blood pressure. Outside of this optimal range, particularly below 80 mm Hg or above 180 mm Hg, renal blood flow and GFR may become compromised, leading to potential kidney dysfunction. This is why the specified range is critical for protecting renal function and ensuring homeostasis.