Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 Ds of appreciative inquiry?

1. Discovering the best of what is

2. Dreaming what might be

3. Determining the end result

4. Designing what should be

The correct answer is: Determining the end result

The concept of appreciative inquiry is centered around positive organizational change and is structured around four key stages, often referred to as the 4 Ds: Discover, Dream, Design, and Destiny/Deliver. Choosing the option that is not one of the 4 Ds highlights an understanding that the process emphasizes exploration and envisioning growth rather than merely determining outcomes. The first three stages—Discovering the best of what is, Dreaming what might be, and Designing what should be—are integral to creating a vision and laying the groundwork for positive change by focusing on strengths and future possibilities. The term "Determining the end result" does not align with the appreciative inquiry framework because it suggests a more prescriptive approach focused on specific outcomes rather than an open-ended exploration of possibilities and building upon existing strengths. Instead, the "Design" stage focuses on collaboratively outlining how the envisioned future might take form, allowing for a more fluid and adaptable development process.